Shingle



n- 2.3, 194 w. M. RELUE, JR

SHINGLE Filed July 20, 1959 HMS I IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 23, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I 3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in shingles for houses, and an object thereof is to cut from a strip of asphaltic material of indefinite length and of uniform width, numerous shapes constituting individual shingles or groups of connected shingles.

Another object of the invention is to form shingles in such fashion as to provide, when the shingles are laid on a roof, expansion gaps and also water-locks whereby buckling of the shingles is obviated and upward passage of water and air through the gaps between the shingles is prevented.

And a further object of the invention is to so shape the shingle units that upon' reversal thereof lengthwise the ends conform with the ends of the adjacent shingles in the same manner as when not reversed.

A still further object of the invention is to so shape the ends of the shingle units that upon cutting the strip of which the shingle units are made the shape of the end of one shingle unit conforms precisely with that of the shingle unit immediately adjacent thereto, thus to completely obviate waste of material.

4 Other objects and advantages of the invention appear in the following description.

An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a shingle unit in duplex form and fragmentary portions of similar shingle units adjacent thereto;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of grouped shingles of single form with fragmentary portions, of other shingles adjacent thereto; and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of an assemblage of shingles grouped in overlapping formation.

The illustrative embodiment of the invention consists of shingles cut from an asphaltic sheet of roofing material that is made up in the usual manner of laminae consisting of a base superimposed by a thickness of weather-resisting granular material held thereon by a suitable binding agent.

The invention lies in the particular formation or shape of the shingles. In the present instance, as in Fig. 1, the shingle unit I is shaped so as to have at one end thereof a top extending portion 2, an intermediate extending portion 3, an intermediate recess 4 and a bottom recess 5, and its opposite end is shaped so as to have a bottom extending portion 6, an intermediate extending portion 1, an intermediate recess 8 and a'top recess 9. The top edge 3' of said intermediate extending portion 3, and. the bottom edge 1' of said intermediate portion I are horizontal, alined with each other and are located midway between the upper edge l0 and lower edge ll of the unit, so that each shingle, face up, is reversible endwise without disalinement of its upper and lower edges with those of the laterally adjacent shingles. Also, in this dual form of shingle, there are made midway between the ends thereof and extending respectively from its upper and lower edges, recesses l2 and i3 the inner 10 ends of which are divergently opposite respecting each other, their inner ends terminating at points suitably spaced apart so that the end portions A and B of the unit are integral.

As in Fig. 2, the shingle units H are of single l formation, the ends of which are shaped similarly to the ends of the unit I. One end of each unit I4 is shaped to have a top extending portion 15, an intermediate extension IS, an intermediate recess l1 and a bottom recess l8. The opposite endof said unit is shaped to have a bottom extending portion IS, an intermediate extending portion 20, an intermediate recess 2|. and a top recess 22. Also, the top edge l6 of said intermediate extending portion l6 and the bottom edge 2.0 of saidintermedi'ate extending portion 20 are horizontal, alined with each other, and located midway between the upper edge 23 and lower edge 24 of the unit. In this single form of shingle, also, the relative arrangement of the extending portions and recesses is such as to permit endwise reversal, face up, of any one shingle in a row of similar shingles without disalinement of their upper and lower edges.

In using the invention the shingle units are laid upon and secured to the roof structure in groups lying endwise in rows extending longitudinally with respect to the building, said rows being arranged in successive'order and each row partially overlapping the preceding row from the lower edge of the roof structure to the crest thereof. Also, the shingle units in each succeeding row are placed in stagger fashion with respect to the shingle units in the preceding row. In securing the shingle units in each row to the underlying roof structure (not shown) the top edge 3 of each shingle is placed against the bottom edge I of the adjacent shingle unit into direct close contact therewith, and the units are spaced apart from each other to suchextent as to afford an expansion gap 25-25 therebetween while contact between the intermediate extensions of the adjacent shingle units between the top and bottom edges of the extension respectively thereof is maintained, thus establishing water-locks 26-26 between the units. In this manner the shingle units are ail'orded freedom of relative longitudinal movement that is occasioned upon contraction or expansion thereof due to variation in climatic conditions and thus buckling or warping of the shingle units is circumvented because of the gaps 25-25.

Each row of units, when properly arranged upon the roof structure, overlaps the preceding row to such extent as to cover the water-locks established by the contacts between the shingle units of the next preceding row, and when the units are thus arranged the water locking contacts between the intermediate extensions of the units are confined between the underlying and overlying rows of units. Thus, travel of rain, forced by wind, as in a storm, upwardly through the expansion gaps, is definitely forestalled by the water-locks.

The recesses f2 and I3 are so proportioned and shaped as to correspond with the expansion gaps that are exposed to the weather between the rows of shingle units, and, are scarcely distinguishable therefrom when the shingle covering is completed. In this manner uniformity in the general design of the shingle covering is maintained throughout the entire area thereof.

By shaping the ends of the shingle units with the extensions and recesses in opposite sequence from top to bottom, the units are readily reversible from end to end and contact with the adjacent units in the same manner equally well. In some instances, when a color eflect in the design of shingled roofing is desired, the upper and lower portions of the units may be made up of material of different color, shade or texture (not indicated on the drawing) and by endwise reversal of the units in laying the rows, variation in the color scheme of the roof covering is readily effected.

Ordinarily, in cutting shingle units having interlocking sides, projections or recesses, the sides are so shaped that in cutting the units from the strip of material, portions of the strip are cut away from the units entailing waste. In the present instance, however, the strip is severed in parts along more or less' irregular lines that leave the ends of the units properly shaped without any waste of material whatsoever.

Variations from the particular construction above disclosed may readily be made by exercise of engineering skill without departure from the spirit or scope of the invention, and the following claims are intended to be inclusive of such variations.

What I claim is:

l. A dual shingle unit formed of sheet material, having made therein between its ends recesses extending from its upper and lower edges the inner ends of which are'divergently opposite respecting each other, their inner ends terminating at points suitably spaced apart so that the end portions of the unit are integral, one'end of said unit being shaped to have a top extending portion, an intermediate extending portion, an intermediate recess and a bottom recess, the opposite end of said unit being shaped to have a bottom extending portion, an intermediate extending portion, an intermediate recess and a top recess, the upper edge of one of said intermediate portions and the lower edge of the other intermediate extending portion being horizontal, alined with each other and located substantially midway between the upper and lower edges of said unit.

2. A shingle unit formed of asphaltic sheet material shaped to have at one end thereof a top extending portion, an intermediate extending portion, an intermediate recess and a bottom recess, the opposite end of said unit being shaped to have a bottom extending portion, an intermediate extending portion, an intermediate recess and a top recess, the upper edge of one of said intermediate portions and the lower edge of the other intermediate extending portion being horizontal, alined with each other and located substantially midway between the upper and lower edges of said unit.

3. A shingle unit formed of sheet material, said unit having parallel upper and lower edges, the ends of said unit being shaped to have intermediate recesses and adjacent intermediate extensions, said ends having top and bottom recesses and extensions adjacent the corresponding edges of said unit, the lower edge of the intermediate extension on one end of the unit being disposed in alinement with the upper edge of the intermediate extension on the opposite end of the unit so that water-locks are established between said intermediate extensions and the corresponding intermediate extensions of other units laid adjacent thereto when the edges of said intermediate extensions have contact with each other thereby to prevent upward passage of water between the adjacent units.

WALTER M. RELUE, JR. 

